Shot variation

Shot variation basically means using a variety of different shots when filming, this includes:
Long shot (LS): gives a full picture of the subject, showing fully what it is, for example if it is a person in the shot then we will be able to see all of the person.
Medium shot (MS): a medium shot doesn't show as much as the long shot but it isolates the subject from the background, it is often used to focus on one part of something such as instead of focusing on a whole building like an LS, it would focus on an entrance. With people it would show them from about the waist up.
Close-up: a close up is just a shot that zooms right in on the subject, it is a powerful shot because the subject fills the screen bringing the audience closer to it. With people it would zoom in right on their face.
Extreme long shot: just a variation of the long shot which films the subject from even further away, it is often used as an establishing shot to set the scene.



This is an example of shot variation, this video shows most of the different shots in one video.